(
AFP) Microsoft
co-founder turned global philanthropist Bill Gates on Tuesday launched a
search for a new toilet better suited to developing countries.
The charitable foundation founded by Gates and his wife kicked off a
"Reinvent the Toilet Fair" in Seattle and awarded prizes for promising
innovations.
"Toilets are extremely important for public health and, when you
think of it, even human dignity," Gates said in a statement at
thegatesnotes.com.
"The flush toilets we use in the wealthy world are irrelevant,
impractical and impossible for 40 percent of the global population,
because they often don't have access to water, and sewers, electricity,
and sewage treatment systems."
The Toilet Fair was described as a swirl of about 200 inventors,
designers, investors, partners and others passionate about creating
safe, effective, and inexpensive waste management systems.
Universities from Britain, Canada, and the United States were awarded
prizes in a competition launched a year ago challenging inventors to
come up with a better toilet.
First place went to the California Institute of Technology for
designing a solar-powered toilet that generates hydrogen gas and
electricity.
Loughborough University came in second for a toilet that transforms waste into biological charcoal, minerals, and clean water.
Third place went to the University of Toronto for a toilet that sanitizes human waste and recovers minerals and water.
"Four in 10 people worldwide don't have a safe way to poop," the
Gates Foundation said in a message beneath a Reinvent the Toilet video
at its gatesfoundation.org website.
Approximately 2.5 billion people worldwide don't have access to safe
sanitation systems for handling the basic and vital need to dispose of
bodily waste, according to Gates.
"Beyond a question of human dignity, this lack of access also
endangers people's lives, creates an economic and a health burden for
poor communities, and hurts the environment," Gates said.
Food or water tainted with fecal matter causes intestinal diseases
that kill 1.5 million children annually -- a figure higher than deaths
from AIDS and malaria combined, according to Gates.
"Inventing new toilets is one of the most important things we can do
to reduce child deaths and disease and improve people's lives," Gates
said.
"It is also something that can help wealthier countries conserve fresh water for other important purposes besides flushing."
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